I'll give the weight thing a twirl..
where you are fishing, how much water, moon phases, winds, what type of line you fish all make a difference on how much lead you need. You can fish out in the Ocean on a heavy tide and need over 10 oz. one day go back a week later and fish on a slow tide and use 4 oz. I know out near Orient you usually need a little more weight.
You can fish the North Shore Port jeff to untington and use get aweay w/ 4-5 oz and 2-3 if you're usinmg braided line. As I said it all depends on tides, moons phases and alot of othetr things to figure out the porper oz. to hold bottom. Hope this helps a little.